Extreme Programming (XP)
Extreme Programming (XP) is an agile software development methodology that values collaboration and working software over the extensive documentation found in traditional Waterfall-based models of software development. XP began as a reaction to the rigid, overly strict process-oriented approach of the 1990s and was popularized by the book Extreme Programming Explained written by Kent Beck, one of its creators, in 1999. The goal of XP was to make writing software more like an art than a science, and it encourages developers to create easy-to-understand code with the help of automated testing and continuous integration tools.
Two core values
A keystone of extreme programming is balancing flexibility and predictability. In other words, to reach a balance between a project’s requirements and all of its risks — whether they be unknown software bugs or incomplete tasks that need to be finished before delivery. The goal, then, is to integrate risk management into your project from start to finish. Note: I’ve covered some introductory best practices for integrating risk management into agile projects on our blog before.
Three practices
XP calls for three practices that work together to keep projects moving: code, design, and tests. All three of these functions must be done together—not only are they interdependent, but each enforces itself on the other. Because XP deals with small pieces of code and gets them finished fast, it also means that software engineers have to ensure those chunks of code will play nicely with others before coding begins.
Four disciplines
The first four disciplines of XP are on-site customer, planning game, whole team, and simplicity. Team members do whatever it takes to gather up-to-date information about their users' needs by talking with them directly. They ask questions like Who will use our software? and How will they use it? Then they work together to create a vision for what that software should be. The second discipline is planning game.
Five Whys, Ten How Tos, Nineteen Refinements
In software engineering, developers use agile and extreme programming methodologies. The two approaches have many similarities, but differ in some important ways. Agile project management emphasizes iteration over waterfall-style planning; XP combines elements of agile with a very structured methodology that prioritizes simplicity and code quality. The bottom line: both aim to make your final product better! [2] How do you get started using these methodologies? The first step is learning how to get out of the way of good code.
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